Tanzania Zambia Border Crossing

The Tanzania–Zambia border is a significant transit point for transporters, traders, and passengers moving between East and Southern Africa. The main crossing at Tunduma–Nakonde is the busiest, as it is a main gateway for buses, trucks, and trains on the Great North Road and the TAZARA Railway. There are additional minor crossings, such as Kasesya, which provide alternative crossing points for travelers who wish to avoid congestion. Travelers need to know about entry requirements, Tanzania visa alternatives, money exchange, and safety guidelines in order to make the journey more comfortable.

Key Tanzania – Zambia Border Posts

There are two main border crossings between Tanzania and Zambia:

1. Tunduma – Nakonde Border (Main Crossing)

The Tunduma – Nakonde Border is the primary and busiest crossing between Tanzania and Zambia, linking Tunduma (Tanzania) with Nakonde (Zambia) along the Great North Road (T2 Highway). It serves as a vital trade and transport route for buses, trucks, and overland travelers. The border is well-equipped with immigration offices, customs clearance facilities, forex bureaus, restaurants, and shops, making it convenient for travelers. Operating 24/7, it allows for flexible crossings; however, solo travelers are advised to avoid night crossings for safety reasons.

2. Kaseya Border (Less Used Route)

The Kasesya Border is a remote and less frequented crossing connecting Sumbawanga (Tanzania) with Mbala (Zambia). Primarily used by locals and adventurous travelers, it offers an alternative route to northern Zambia but lacks major infrastructure. Facilities are minimal, with only basic immigration offices and few, if any, additional services. Operating hours are typically 6 AM to 6 PM, though they may vary, so travelers should verify schedules in advance. Due to its remote nature, crossing here requires careful planning.

Visa Requirements for Tanzania – Zambia Crossing

Visa requirements for crossing the Tanzania-Zambia border depend on your nationality and the type of visa you hold.

For Travelers Entering Zambia from Tanzania

For travelers coming to Zambia from Tanzania, most countries' citizens can obtain a Zambia visa on arrival, with the fees depending on the visa type. For easy convenience, visitors may also pre-apply for a Zambian eVisa. For travelers visiting Zimbabwe or Botswana in addition to Zambia, the KAZA Univisa is advisable, offering multiple entries to these countries with convenience and saving costs.

For Travelers Entering Tanzania from Zambia

For travelers arriving from Zambia into Tanzania, a few nationalities may obtain a visa on arrival at the border. However, advance application for a Tanzania eVisa is highly recommended so that the entry will be facilitated especially during peak periods. Those planning to go to Kenya and Uganda and Tanzania may find the East African Tourist Visa useful, which allows them to re-enter these three countries several times, but not in Zambia. It would be best to do some homework on visa requirements before heading out to avoid any hassle at the border.

Best Visa Option for Tanzania – Zambia Travel

Travelers between Tanzania and Zambia can choose between an eVisa and a visa on arrival (border visa).

E-Visa: Applying online before travel saves time at the border and ensures faster processing, especially during busy hours. Recommended for those who prefer a hassle-free experience.
Visa on Arrival: Available at the border for many nationalities but may involve longer wait times, especially during peak hours. Best for last-minute travelers.

Advantages of eVisa Over Visa on Arrival

For a smooth entry, the eVisa is the better option, but those in a hurry can still get a border visa if eligible. Here are some advantages of eVisa over visa on arrival

Faster Processing – Avoid long wait times at the border by getting pre-approved before travel.
Convenience – Apply online from anywhere, eliminating the need to carry extra documents for visa processing.
Reduced Uncertainty – Know your visa status in advance, reducing the risk of being denied entry.
Priority Entry – Travelers with an eVisa can often proceed through immigration faster than those applying on arrival.
Secure Payment – Pay visa fees online, avoiding cash transactions at the border.
Better Planning – Get your visa approved before travel, making itinerary planning smoother.

Entry Requirements for Both Countries at the Tanzania – Zambia Border

Foreign visitors going across the Tanzania-Zambia border are required to fulfill certain entry requirements to facilitate a seamless crossing between the two nations. Immigration authorities might demand several documents, depending on the nationality of the traveler and the reason for visit. The following are the major requirements for entry into Tanzania and Zambia:

Valid Passport: Should be valid for a period of not less than six months after the visit.
Visa (if required): Some nationalities need a visa on arrival, eVisa, or pre-approved visa before arrival. Check the visa requirements in advance.
Yellow Fever Vaccination Certificate: Although not always mandatory, it can be asked for, especially when coming from a country with a risk of yellow fever transmission.
Proof of Onward Travel: Immigration may ask for the return ticket or proof of onward travel to ensure that you will not overstay.
Accommodation Details: The visitor must produce a hotel reservation or the residence address of the host in case he or she is visiting family and friends.
Sufficient Funds: Some visitors may be required to produce proof that they have sufficient funds to sponsor their stay.
Vehicle Documents (For Carriers): Carriers traveling by road with a vehicle will require a COMESA Yellow Card insurance, a vehicle permit document, and a Temporary Import Permit (TIP) where necessary.

Transportation Options for Tanzania – Zambia Border Crossing

Travelers crossing the Tanzania–Zambia border have several transportation options, with buses being the most popular and affordable choice for long-distance travel.

By Bus

Several bus companies operate routes between Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) and Lusaka (Zambia), passing through the Tunduma-Nakonde border. Popular operators include Shalom Bus, Taqwa Bus, and Royal Coach, offering varying levels of comfort and service. The journey takes approximately 24–30 hours, depending on road conditions and potential border delays. Ticket prices vary based on the bus company and seating class, making it essential for travelers to compare options before booking.

By Train (TAZARA Railway)

The scenic and adventurous option is the TAZARA (Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority) train from Dar es Salaam to Kapiri Mposhi (Zambia), near Lusaka. Trains run twice a week and take around 46–50 hours, though delays are common. First-class travelers enjoy private sleeper cabins, while second-class travelers occupy bunk beds and economy travelers travel on bench seats. Prices vary depending on class, so it is an affordable option for those who enjoy train travel.

By Private Car or Overland Vehicle

Driving oneself is possible but requires planning. Passengers must have a COMESA Yellow Card insurance certificate valid for both countries. The Great North Road is in good condition, though potholed sections exist. There are gasoline stations along the route, but additional petrol is advised when driving along long distances through very remote regions.

By Ferry

For travelers crossing between Tanzania and Zambia via the Kasesya-Mpulungu border, ferries operate on Lake Tanganyika, providing a scenic but less common route. Since ferry services can be infrequent, it is essential to check schedules in advance to avoid long waiting times. Additionally, travelers should be prepared for basic onboard facilities, as amenities may be limited compared to other transport options.

Border Crossing Process at Tanzania – Zambia Border

The border crossing process at Tunduma-Nakonde is straightforward but can be time-consuming, especially during peak hours.

The border point is straightforward but can be time-consuming, especially during peak hours.

Border Arrival: Bus passengers must disembark and proceed on foot through immigration, while drivers must leave their vehicle and proceed to the immigration offices on foot.
Exit Procedures: Present your passport for an exit stamp at the immigration office. For driving, complete the necessary customs papers and vehicle clearance before going ahead.
Entering the Next Country: Proceed to the opposite side immigration office, fill in entry forms, and obtain a visa if required. Drivers also need to fill in car permits and buy insurance.
Customs Clearance (Vessels & Commodities): Guests traveling with goods are expected to declare the same at customs. Carrying passengers with a vehicle for short-term stay should be in possession of a Temporary Import Permit (TIP).
Continue Your Travel: After you have completed immigration and customs formalities, you can continue your travel into the new country.

Tanzania – Zambia Border Foreign Exchange

Going through the border from Tanzania–Zambia involves having to exchange the money since Tanzanian Shillings (TZS) and Zambian Kwacha (ZMW) are currencies employed here. Some things worth observing are listed below:

Forex Bureaux & Street Money Changers: There is money exchange at the border by approved forex bureaus as well as street money changers.
Exchange Rates: Exchange rates may vary, and therefore it's a good idea to compare several providers and shop around before exchanging. Forex bureaus offer better exchange rates than street vendors.
Accepted Currencies: US Dollars (USD), Tanzanian Shillings (TZS), and Zambian Kwacha (ZMW) are generally accepted for exchange.
ATMs & Banking Services: ATMs are available near the border, but there may be withdrawal restrictions and fees. Ensure your bank card is valid overseas.
Safety Reminders: Steer clear of exchanging huge volumes with street vendors, since fakes and connotes are an option. Never leave the point of exchange before counting your cash.

Safety Precautions for Traveling Across the Tanzania – Zambia Border

It is safe to cross the Tanzania–Zambia border, but precautions should be taken to facilitate a smooth and safe trip. The following are some of the most important safety precautions:

Night Travel Should Be Avoided: Although major border crossings such as Tunduma–Nakonde are open 24/7, crossing during the day when officials and services are operating at full capacity is safer.
Keep Documents Secure: Keep your passport, visa, and travel documents in a secure bag or money belt to prevent loss or theft.
Be Careful with Fixers & Scams: Unofficial "agents" will provide help but usually at exorbitant charges or give wrong information. Always do procedures yourself or approach immigration officers for assistance.
Be Aware with Luggage: Monitor your bags and belongings, particularly in crowded places or when waiting in lines.
Have Local Currency Available: Some services, like visa fees or minor transactions, may require Tanzanian Shillings (TZS) or Zambian Kwacha (ZMW), so get some money changed in advance.
Know Emergency Contacts: Keep local embassy contacts, emergency numbers, and local accommodation details handy in case of unforeseen setbacks.
Use Official Channels: Exchange money only at authorized forex bureaus and go through official immigration and customs channels to avoid scams.

Tips for a Smooth Border Crossing

Here are some key tips for a smooth border crossing:

Cross during daylight hours to avoid scams and delays.
Carry small USD bills for visa fees, as card payments are rarely accepted.
Be wary of fixers offering "fast-track" services—stick to official immigration officers.
Keep all travel documents handy for quick processing.
Expect long queues at Tunduma-Nakonde, especially for trucks.
Use forex bureaus at the border for better exchange rates than street vendors.

Content Disclaimer: While this information was last updated in March 2025, we strongly suggest confirming all travel details with the appropriate governmental agencies, embassies, and airlines.